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| Number of exam questions | Related |
| 15 (Free) | CompTIA Security+ |
Question 1:
Which of the following indexes stores records in a tabular format?
A. Columnstore
B. Non-clustered
C. Unique
D. Secondary
Correct Answer: A
The index that stores records in a tabular format is columnstore. A columnstore index is a type of index that stores and compresses data by columns rather than by rows.
A columnstore index can improve the performance and efficiency of queries that perform aggregations, calculations, or analysis on large amounts of data, such as data warehouse or business intelligence applications.
A columnstore index can also reduce the storage space required for data by applying various compression techniques, such as dictionary encoding, run-length encoding, bit packing, etc. The other options are either different types of indexes or not related to indexes at all.
For example, a non-clustered index is a type of index that stores the values of one or more columns in a sorted order along with pointers to the corresponding rows in the table; a unique index is a type of index that enforces uniqueness on one or more columns in a table; a secondary index is an alternative term for a non-clustered index.
References: CompTIA DataSys+ Course Outline, Domain 3.0 Database Management and Maintenance, Objective 3.1 Given a scenario, perform common database maintenance tasks.
Question 2:
Which of the following ismostlikely to prevent tampering with server hardware that houses data?
A. Biometric locks
B. Strong password policy
C. Network firewall
D. Surveillance cameras
Correct Answer: A
The option that is most likely to prevent tampering with server hardware that houses data is biometric locks. Biometric locks are devices that use biological characteristics, such as fingerprints, facial recognition, iris scan, etc., to control access to a physical location or resource.
Biometric locks help prevent tampering with server hardware that houses data by restricting unauthorized entry or theft of the hardware by intruders or attackers. Biometric locks also provide higher security and convenience than other types of locks, such as keys or passwords, which can be lost, stolen, or forgotten.
The other options are either not related or not effective for this purpose. For example, a strong password policy is a set of rules or standards for creating and managing passwords for user accounts or systems; a network firewall is a device or software that controls the incoming and outgoing traffic on a network based on a set of rules or policies; surveillance cameras are devices that capture and record video footage of a physical location or resource.
References: CompTIA DataSys+ Course Outline, Domain 4.0 Data and Database Security, Objective 4.2 Given a scenario, implement security controls for databases.
Question 3:
Which of the following is a result of an on-path attack on a system?
A. A Wi-Fi networkthat redirects to clones of legitimate websites
B. A website that has crashed and is no longer accessible
C. An email from an unknown source requesting bank account details
D. A web application that returns the addresses of its customers
Correct Answer: A
A result of an on-path attack on a system is a Wi-Fi network that redirects to clones of legitimate websites. An on-path attack is a type of attack that intercepts and modifies the traffic between two parties without their knowledge or consent.
An attacker can use an on-path attack to create a rogue Wi-Fi network that mimics a legitimate one, and then redirect the users to fake websites that look like the ones they intended to visit. The attacker can then steal the users\’ personal or financial information, such as usernames, passwords, credit card numbers, or bank account details.
The other options are either results of different types of attacks or not related to attacks at all. For example, a website that has crashed and is no longer accessible may be a result of a denial-of-service attack, an email from an unknown source requesting bank account details may be a result of a phishing attack, and a web application that returns the addresses of its customers may be a result of a poor design or a data breach.
References: CompTIA DataSys+ Course Outline, Domain 4.0 Data and Database Security, Objective 4.4 Given a scenario, identify common types of attacks against databases.
Question 4:
An automated script is using common passwords to gain access to a remote system. Which of the following attacks is being performed?
A. DoS
B. Brute-force
C. SQL injection
D. Phishing
Correct Answer: B
The attack that is being performed is brute-force. A brute-force attack is a type of attack that tries to guess a password or a key by systematically trying all possible combinations of characters or values until the correct one is found.
A brute-force attack can use common passwords, such as “123456”, “password”, or “qwerty”, as well as dictionaries, word lists, or patterns to speed up the process. A brute-force attack can target a remote system, such as a web server, an email account, or a network device, and gain unauthorized access to its data or resources.
The other options are either different types of attacks or not related to password guessing.
For example, a DoS, or Denial-of-Service, attack is a type of attack that floods a system with requests or traffic to overwhelm its capacity and prevent legitimate users from accessing it; an SQL injection attack is a type of attack that inserts malicious SQL statements into an input field or parameter of a web application to manipulate or compromise the underlying database; a phishing attack is a type of attack that sends fraudulent emails or messages that appear to come from a trusted source to trick users into revealing their personalor financial information.
References: CompTIA DataSys+ Course Outline, Domain 4.0 Data and Database Security, Objective 4.4 Given a scenario, identify common types of attacks against databases.
Question 5:
A programmer wants to configure a database to only allow read or write access when requests are coming from specific IP addresses. Which of the following can be used to configure IP addresses to allow access to the database?
A. Static IP address
B. Firewall
C. Dynamic IP address
D. IDNS
Correct Answer: B
The best option to configure IP addresses to allow access to the database is a firewall. A firewall is a network device or software that controls the incoming and outgoing traffic based on a set of rules or policies.
A firewall can be used to filter the traffic by IP addresses, ports, protocols, or other criteria, and allow or deny access to the database accordingly. The other options are either not relevant or not sufficient for this task.
For example, a static IP address is an IP address that does not change over time, but it does not determine the access to the database; a dynamic IP address is an IP address that changes periodically, but it does not control the traffic to the database; an IDNS is an Internet Domain Name System, which translates domain names into IP addresses, but it does not regulate the access to the database.
References: CompTIA DataSys+ Course Outline, Domain 4.0 Data and Database Security, Objective 4.2 Given a scenario, implement security controls for databases.
Question 6:
Which of the following describes a scenario in which a database administrator would use a relational database rather than a non-relational database?
A. An organization wants to maintain consistency among the data in the database.
B. An organization requires data encryption.
C. An organization wants to process complex data sets.
D. An organization wants to store a large number of videos, photos, and documents.
Correct Answer: A
A scenario in which a database administrator would use a relational database rather than a non-relational database is when an organization wants to maintain consistency among the data in the database.
A relational database is a type of database that organizes data into tables with predefined columns and rows, and enforces rules and constraints to ensure data integrity and accuracy. A relational database also supports transactions, which are sets of operations that must be executed as a whole or not at all, to prevent data corruption or inconsistency. The other options are either not exclusive to relational databases or not relevant to the choice of database type.
For example, data encryption can be applied to both relational and non-relational databases, processing complex data sets may require specialized tools or techniques that arenot dependent on the database type, and storing a large number of videos, photos, and documents may be better suited for a non-relational database that can handle unstructured or semi-structured data. References: CompTIA DataSys+ Course Outline, Domain 1.0 Database Fundamentals, Objective 1.1 Given a scenario, identify and apply database structure types.
Question 7:
Which of the following is a tool for preventing data loss?
A. Gateway
B. IP configuration
C. Encryption
D. Scripts
Correct Answer: C
Question 8:
Which of the following should a company develop to ensure preparedness for a fire in a data center?
A. Deployment plan
B. Backup plan
C. Data retention policy
D. Disaster recovery plan
Correct Answer: D
The document that a company should develop to ensure preparedness for a fire in a data center is a disaster recovery plan.
A disaster recovery plan is a document that outlines how an organization will continue its operations in the event of a disaster or disruption, such as fire, flood, earthquake, cyberattack, etc.
A disaster recovery plan typically includes the followingelements: – The objectives and scope of the plan – The roles and responsibilities of the staff involved – The identification and assessment of the risks and impacts – The strategies and procedures for restoring the critical functions and data – The resources and tools required for the recovery process – The testing and maintenance schedule for the plan A disaster recovery plan helps an organization to minimize the damage and downtime caused by a disaster, as well as to resume normal operations as soon as possible.
The other options are either different types of documents or not specific to fire preparedness. For example, a deployment plan is a document that describes how a system or software will be installed or launched; a backup plan is a document that specifies how data will be copied and stored for backup purposes; a data retention policy is a document that defines how long data should be kept and when it should be deleted or archived.
References: CompTIA DataSys+ Course Outline, Domain 5.0 Business Continuity, Objective 5.4 Given a scenario, implement disaster recovery methods.
Question 9:
Which of the following is recommended in order to provide encrypted data communication pathways for information as it is transmitted over a network?
A. TCP/IP
B. NFS
C. SMB
D. TLS
Correct Answer: D
The option that is recommended in order to provide encrypted data communication pathways for information as it is transmitted over a network is TLS. TLS, or Transport Layer Security, is a protocol that provides secure communication over the internet by encrypting the data using cryptographic algorithms and keys.
TLS also provides authentication and integrity by verifying the identity of the parties involved and ensuring that the data has not been altered or tampered with. TLS can be used to protect various types of data, such as web traffic, email, instant messaging, voice over IP, etc. The other options are either not related or not sufficient for this purpose.
For example, TCP/IP, or Transmission Control Protocol/ Internet Protocol, is a set of protocols that defines how data is transmitted and routed over the internet, but does not provide encryption or security; NFS, or Network File System, is a protocol that allows users to access and share files over a network, but does not provide encryption or security; SMB, or Server Message Block, is a protocol that allows users to access and share files, printers, and other resources over a network, but does not provide encryption or security.
References: CompTIA DataSys+ Course Outline, Domain 4.0 Data and Database Security, Objective 4.2 Given a scenario, implement security controls for databases.
Question 10:
Which of the following commands is part of DDL?
A. UPDATE
B. GRANT
C. CREATE
D. INSERT
Correct Answer: C
The command that is part of DDL is CREATE. CREATE is a SQL command that belongs to the category of DDL, or Data Definition Language. DDL is a subset of SQL commands that are used to define or modify the structure or schema of a database, such as tables, columns, constraints, indexes, views, etc.
CREATE is a DDL command that is used to create a new object in a database, such as a table, column, constraint, index, view, etc. For example, the following statement uses the CREATE command to create a new table called employee with four columns:
CREATE TABLE employee (
emp_id INT PRIMARY KEY,
emp_name VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL,
emp_dept VARCHAR(20),
emp_salary DECIMAL(10,2)
);
Copy
The other options are either part of different categories of SQL commands or not SQL commands at all. For example, UPDATE is a SQL command that belongs to the category of DML, or Data Manipulation Language.
DML is a subset of SQL commands that are used to manipulate or modify the data or content of a database, such as inserting, updating, deleting, or selecting data. GRANT is a SQL command that belongs to the category of DCL, or Data Control Language.
DCL is a subset of SQL commands that are used to control or manage the access or permissions of users or roles on a database, such as granting or revoking privileges or roles. INSERT is a SQL command that belongs to the category of DML, or Data Manipulation Language. INSERT is a DML command that is used to insert new data into a table.
References: CompTIA DataSys+ Course Outline, Domain 1.0 Database Fundamentals, Objective 1.2 Given a scenario, execute database tasks using scripting and programming languages.
Question 11:
Which of the following have data manipulation and procedural scripting power? (Choose two.)
A. PQL
B. PL/SQL
C. Advanced
D. SQL
E. SQL
F. T-SQL
Correct Answer: BF
The two options that have data manipulation and procedural scripting power are PL/SQL and T-SQL. PL/SQL, or Procedural Language/Structured Query Language, is an extension of SQL that adds procedural features to SQL for Oracle databases.
PL/SQL allows users to create and execute stored procedures, functions, triggers, packages, etc., using variables, loops, conditions, exceptions, etc., in addition to SQL commands. PL/SQL helps improve the performance, functionality, modularity, and security of SQL queries and applications.
T-SQL, or Transact-SQL, is an extension of SQL that adds procedural features to SQL for Microsoft SQL Server databases. T-SQL allows users to create and execute stored procedures, functions, triggers, etc., using variables, loops, conditions, exceptions, etc., in addition to SQL commands.
T-SQL helps improve the performance, functionality, modularity, and security of SQL queries and applications. The other options are either not related or not having both data manipulation and procedural scripting power.
For example, PQL, or Power Query Language, is a data analysis andtransformation language for Microsoft Power BI and Excel; Advanced SQL is a term that refers to the advanced features or techniques of SQL, such as subqueries, joins, aggregations, etc.; SQL, or Structured Query Language, is a standard language for manipulating and querying data in relational databases, but it does not have procedural features.
References: CompTIA DataSys+ Course Outline, Domain 1.0 Database Fundamentals, Objective 1.2 Given a scenario, execute database tasks using scripting and programming languages.
Question 12:
A developer is designing a table that does not have repeated values. Which of the following indexes should the developer use to prevent duplicate values from being inserted?
A. Unique
B. Single column
C. Implicit
D. Composite
Correct Answer: A
The index that the developer should use to prevent duplicate values from being inserted is unique.
A unique index is a type of index that enforces the uniqueness of the values in one or more columns of a table.
A unique index ensures that no two rows in the table have the same value or combination of values in the indexed columns.
A unique index helps to maintain data integrity and avoid data duplication or inconsistency. The other options are either not related or not effective for this purpose.
For example, a single column index is a type of index that involves only one column of a table, but it does not prevent duplicate values unless it is also unique; an implicit index is a type of index that is automatically created by the database system when a constraint or a primary key is defined on a column or columns of a table, but it does not prevent duplicate values unless it is also unique; a composite index is a type of index that involves two or more columns of a table, but it does not prevent duplicate values unless it is also unique.
References: CompTIA DataSys+ Course Outline, Domain 1.0 Database Fundamentals, Objective 1.2 Given a scenario, execute database tasks using scripting and programming languages.
Question 13:
A database administrator is conducting a stress test and providing feedback to a team that is developing an application that uses the Entity Framework. Which of the following explains the approach the administrator should use when conducting the stress test?
A. Capture business logic, check the performance of codes, and report findings.
B. Check the clustered and non-clustered indexes, and report findings.
C. Review application tables and columns, and report findings.
D. Write queries directly into the database and report findings.
Correct Answer: A
The approach that the administrator should use when conducting the stress test is to capture business logic, check the performance of codes, and report findings.
This will help the administrator to evaluate how well the application handles high volumes of data and transactions, identify any bottlenecks or errors in the code, and provide feedback to the development team on how to improve the application\’s efficiency and reliability.
The other options are either too narrow or too broad in scope, and do not address the specific needs of an application that uses the Entity Framework.
References: CompTIA DataSys+ Course Outline, Domain 4.0 Data and Database Security, Objective 4.3 Given a scenario, monitor database performance and security.
Question 14:
A database administrator would like to create a table named XYZ. Which of the following queries should the database administrator use to create the table?
A. Option A
B. Option B
C. Option C
D. Option D
Correct Answer: B
The query that the administrator should use to create the table is option B. This query uses the CREATE TABLE statement to define a new table named XYZ with three columns: ID, Name, and Age. Each column has a data type and a constraint, such as NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY, or CHECK.
The other options either have syntax errors, use incorrect keywords, or do not specify the table name or columns correctly. References: CompTIA DataSys+ Course Outline, Domain
1.0 Database Fundamentals, Objective 1.1 Given a scenario, identify and apply database structure types.
Question 15:
A company is launching a proof-of-concept, cloud-based application. One of the requirements is to select a database engine that will allow administrators to perform quick and simple queries on unstructured data.Which of the following would bebestsuited for this task?
A. MonogoDB
B. MS SQL
C. Oracle
D. Graph database
Correct Answer: A
The best suited database engine for this task is MongoDB.
MongoDB is a type of non-relational database that stores data as documents in JSON-like format. MongoDB allows administrators to perform quick and simple queries on unstructured data, such as text, images, videos, or social media posts, without requiring a predefined schema or complex joins.
MongoDB also supports cloud-based deployment, scalability, and high availability. The other options are either relational databases that require a fixed schema and structure for data, or specialized databases that are designed for specific purposes, such as graph databases for storing and analyzing network data. References: CompTIA DataSys+ Course Outline, Domain 1.0 Database Fundamentals, Objective 1.1 Given a scenario, identify and apply database structure types.
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